Evidence of a Significant IgG Secretory Immune Response in Breast Milk and Blood There is a Mother Breastfeeding a Survivor of Covid 19 During Childbirth in Samarinda in 2022
Abstract
The COVID-1 pandemic puts mothers at risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2 to their babies or children while breastfeeding. East Kalimantan is ranked 5in 2021 and ranked 10 in Oktober 2022. Where children regardless of gender are all sensitive to COVID-19. (2) Breast milk contains high levels of secretory type antibodies (sIgG), breastfeeding from mothers who recover from COVID-19 can reduce this immunity to babies. (5), Objective: To analyze the relationship between IgG in breast milk and blood in breastfeeding mothers. Covid 19. The type of research is a control analytical study that is not exposed to covid. On the case control approach. Cases are breastfeeding mothers who are exposed to Covid. Blood and breast milk are taken for 5 CC each and then checked for levels of Ig A and Ig G. Total samples of 27 blood and 18 breast milk of respondents. Minimum Blood IgG result1131.96300, Maximum 105774.58400 mean 40440.8053704, up to 33454.78224272. Minimum IgG ASI 4405.16200, Max 289530.00800, Mean 146174.3697222, up to 97794.70426397. Product Moment correlation analysis of Blood IgG with breast milk IgG P Value 0.000 < 0.005.There is a relationship between blood IgG and breast milk IgG in breastfeeding mothers who have survived covid 19. Suggestion: Mothers who are breastfeeding exposed to Covid 19 are expected to give breast milk, help provide immunity, especially for vulnerable newborns, contain high levels of secretory type antibodies (sIgG), breastfeed from mothers recovering from COVID-19 can decrease immunity to babies
References
Augusto Pereira, Sara Cruz-Melguizo, Maria Adrien, Lucia Fuentes, Eugenia Marin, Azul Forti and Tirso Perez-Medina. 2020. Breastfeeding mothers with COVID-19 infection: a case series. Pereira et al. International Breastfeeding Journal https://doi.org/10.1186/s13006-020-00314-8
Fox A, Marino J, Amanat F, Krammer F, Hahn-Holbrook J, Zolla-Pazner S, Powell RL. Evidence of a significant secretory-IgA-dominant SARS-CoV-2 immune response inhuman milk following recovery from COVID-19. medRxiv preprint doi:https://doi.org/10.1101/202
HF, Zhong, B., Huang, ZF, Zheng, PY, Tian, LF, Qu, HQ, Liu, DC, Wang, EY, Xiao, XJ, Li, SY, Ye, F., Guan, L., … Zhong, NS (20️20️). Distinct features of SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA response in COVID-19 patients. European Respiratory Journal, 56(2). https://doi.org/10.1183/13993003.01526-2020
Howard K, Martin A, Berlin LJ, Brooks-Gunn J. Early mother-child separation, parenting,and child well-being in Early Head Start families. Attach Hum Dev. 2011;13(1):5-26.
Indonesian Association of Lung Doctors (PDPI), Indonesian Association of Cardiovascular Specialists (PERKI), Indonesian Association of Internal Medicine Specialists (PERDATIN), Indonesian Pediatrician Association (IDAI). Covid-19 management guidelines. Issue 2. August. 2020.
Indonesian Pediatrician Association. Clinical guidelines for the management of COVID-19 in children. Edition3. June 14th, 2020
Indonesian Pediatrician Association. Clinical guidelines for the management of COVID-19 in children. Edition3. June 14th, 2020
Korja R, Latva R, Lehtonen L. The effects of preterm birth on mother-infant interaction andattachment during the infant's first two years. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2012;91(2):164-73.
Korja R, Latva R, Lehtonen L. The effects of preterm birth on mother-infant interaction andattachment during the infant's first two years. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2012;91(2):164-73.
Pace, RM, Williams, JE, Järvinen, KM, Belfort, MB, Pace, CDW, Lackey, KA, Gogel, AC, Nguyen- Contant, P., Kanagaiah, P., Fitzgerald, T., Ferri, R., Young, B., Rosen-Carole, C., Diaz, N., Meehan, CL, Caffe, B., Sangster, MY, Topham, D., McGuire, MA, … McGuire, MK (20️20️). COVID-19 and human milk: SARS-CoV-2, antibodies, and neutralizing capacity. MedRxiv, 1–20. https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.16.20196071
Sterlin, D., Mathian, A., Miyara, M., Mohr, A., Anna, F., Claër, L., Quentric, P., Fadlallah, J., Ghillani, P., Gunn, C., Hockett, R., Mudumba, S., Guihot, A., Luyt, CE, Mayaux, J., Beurton, A., Fourati, S., Lacorte, JM, Yssel, H., … Gorochov, G. (20️20️ ). IgA dominates the early neutralizing antibody response to SARS-CoV-2. MedRxiv, 2223(January). https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.06.10.20126532
Tubagus Ferdi Fadilah*, Dewi Setiawati. 2021 . Aspects of Breast Milk Immunology and Covid 19. Trisakti research journal and scientific work. DOI :http://dx.doi.org/10.25105/pdk.v6i1.8629
Victora CG, Bahl R, Barros AJD, França GVA, Horton S, Krasavec A, et al. Breastfeeding in the 21st century: epidemiology, mechanisms, and lifelong effect. Lancet 2016;387:475-90. doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(15)01024-7.
WHO, 2021 Breastfeeding advice during the COVID-19 outbreak.
Williams, J., Namazova-Baranova, L., Weber, M., Vural, M., Mestrovic, J., Carrasco-Sanz, A., Breda, J., Berdzuli, N., & Pettoello-Mantovani, M. .(2020). The Importance of Continuing Breastfeeding during Coronavirus Disease-2019: In Support of the World Health Organization Statement on Breastfeeding during the Pandemic. Journal of Pediatrics, 223, 234–236. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpeds.2020.05.009
World Health Organization(a). Clinical management of COVID-19: Interim guidance (27 May 2020).
World Health Organization(b). Breastfeeding and COVID-19. Scientific Briefs. 23 June 2020